Afrotheria Past and Present - Wildlife in the Habitats and the Fossil sites

Afrotheria Past and Present - Animals in the Habitats and the Fossil sites, and Biodiversity

Classified animal picture guide. Highlighting the link

of species shows the images, and clicking a link shows Evolutionary Tree.

The followings are extinct Afrotheria excavated and extant Afrotheria in the world. The explanation in brackets is the ages they lived in extinct species, and the habitat in extant species. Note that Mya is million years ago. For example, "48.6～40.4 Mya" shows a range between 48.6 and 40.4 million years ago. The time range is shown in the Geological Time Table. The followings are a part of the Evolutionary Tree.

Kingdom Animalia

Phylum Chordate

Subphylum Vertebra

Infraphylum Gnathostomata (Jawed vertebrates)

Class Mammal

Subclass Theria (Wild animal)

Infraclass Metatheria (Marsupials)

Infraclass Eutheria (Placentals)

Order Leptictida (Primitive placental mammals; 83.5～40.4 Mya)
Primitive placental Leptictidium (48.6～40.4 Mya)

Clade Atlantogenata

Group I Afrotheria

Clade Afroinsectiphilia

Order Macroscelidea (Elephant shrew; 55.8 Mya～)
Elephant shrew Golden-rumped Elephant Shrew (Kenya), Four-toed Elephant Shrew (southern Africa), Short-eared Elephant Shrew (southern Africa)

Order Afrosoricida (Tenrecs, Golden moles; 20.43 Mya～)

		Tenrec	Large-eared Tenrec (Madagascar), Madagascar's shrew tenrecs' (Madagascar), Nimba Otter Shrew (West Africa), Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec (Madagascar)
		Golden mole	Giant Golden Mole (South Africa), Hottentot Golden Mole (South Africa)

Order Tubulidentata (Aardvark; 28.4 Mya～)
Aardvark Aardvark (Africa)

Clade Paenungulata

Order Hyracoidea (Hyrax; 55.8 Mya～)

		Pliohyracidae	Kvabebihyrax (5.33～1.81 Mya; １．６m)
		Hyrax	Rock Hyrax (Africa), Yellow-spotted Rock Hyrax (Africa), Southern Tree Hyrax (southern Africa), Western Tree Hyrax (tropical Africa)

Order Proboscidea (Elephant, Mammoth; 58.7 Mya～)

Primitive
proboscideans

Phosphatherium

(55.8～48.6 Mya), Moeritherium

(48.6～28.4 Mya), Barytherium

(37.2～28.4 Mya), Prodeinotherium

(20～11.61 Mya), Deinotherium

(22.4～0.01 Mya; ５m)

Suborder Elephantiformes

		Elephant-like proboscideans	Phiomia (37.2～23.03 Mya), Palaeomastodon (33.9～23.03 Mya), Gomphotherium (23.8～0.01 Mya), Platybelodon (13.7～5.33 Mya), Gnathabelodon (13.6～10.3 Mya; Spoon-billed Mastodon), Amebelodon (13.6～8.7 Mya; ６m), Anancus (9～0.126 Mya), Cuvieronius (5.33～0.01 Mya; ６m)
		Mastodon	American mastodon (23.03～0.01 Mya; ５m)
		Elephant	Stegodon (11.61～0.01 Mya; ５m), Elephas recki (5.33～0.01 Mya), American mammoth (4.9～0.01 Mya; ４．９m), Straight-tusked Elephant (2.59～0.01 Mya), Woolly mammoth (1.81～0.01 Mya), African elephant (Africa; ７．３m), African Forest Elephant (tropical Africa), Asian elephant (tropical Asia)

Order Sirenia (Dugong, Manatees; 55.8 Mya～)

		Primitive Sirenia	Prorastomus (55.8～40.4 Mya), Pezosiren (48.6～40.4 Mya)
		Dugong	Eotheroides (48.6～33.9 Mya), Halitherium (48.6～11.61 Mya), Sirenotherium (23.03～15.97 Mya), Metaxytherium (23.8～0.01 Mya), Dusisiren (15.97～3.6 Mya), Cuesta Sea Cow (5.33～2.59 Mya), Takikawa Sea Cow (5.33～2.59 Mya), Steller's Sea Cow (0.3 Mya～AD1768; ８m), Dugong (Indo-Pacific)
		Manatee	Miosiren(20.43～1.81 Mya), West Indian Manatee (Caribbean Sea), African Manatee (West Africa coast), Amazonian Manatee (Brazil coast), Dwarf Manatee (Amazon)

Order Embrithopoda (Resembling rhinoceroses; 40.4～23.03 Mya)
Arsinoitheriidae Arsinoitherium (40.4～23.03 Mya; Large pair of horns), Crivadiatherium(33.9～28.4 Mya)
Order Desmostylia (Marine mammals; 30.8～7.25 Mya)
Desmostylidae Desmostylus (28.4～7.25 Mya), Behemotops (33.9～23.03 Mya)
Paleoparadoxiidae Paleoparadoxia (23.03～7.25), Ashoroa (28.4～23.03 Mya)

Group II Xenarthra (Armadillo, Anteater, Sloth, Groud sloth)

Clade Boreoeutheria
- Group III Euarchontoglires (Primate, Rabbit, Rodent)
- Group IV Laurasiatheria (Whale, Even-toed ungulate, Odd-toed ungulate, Bat, Carnivora)