Animal (Vertebrate) Evolution (Phylogenetic tree) - Animals in the Fossil sites, and Biodiversity

Classified animal picture guide. Highlighting the link of species shows the images, and clicking the link shows Evolutionary Tree.

• Kingdom Animalia
  • Phylum Chordata ⇒ Class Fish

    Primitive chordata

    Haikouella   (542～513 Mya), Pikaia   (513～501 Mya), Promissum (449～443.7 Mya), Palaeospondylus   (397～385 Mya)

    • Subphylum Vertebra
      • Superclass Agnatha (Oldest fishes, Hagfish, Lamprey) Jawless fish
        • Class Myxini (Hagfish)

          		Primitive vertebrata	Haikouichthys   (535～520 Mya), Myllokunmingia   (542～516 Mya)
          		Jawless fish	Arandaspis   (479～460.5 Mya; Oldest fishes), Thelodus   (443.7～409.1 Mya), Drepanaspis   (409.1～391.9 Mya)

      • Infraphylum Gnathostomata (Jawed vertebrates)
        • Class Placodermi (Armoured fish)

          Armoured fish

          Pterichthyodes   (392～386 Mya), Dunkleosteus   (380–360 Mya; １０m), Bothriolepis   (376.1～359.2 Mya)

        • Class Chondrichthyes (Ray, Shark)

          Cartilaginous fish

          Cladoselache   (376.1～359.2), Orodus   (302～290 Mya), Edestus   (318.1 to 260.5 Mya), Hybodus   (268.0 to 65.5 Mya; GDying③④)

        • Class Acanthodii (Spiny sharks)

          Spiny shark

          Climatius   (418.7～412.3 Mya), Ischnacanthus   (421.3～409.1 Mya), Cheiracanthus   (390～380 Mya)

        • Class Sarcopterygii (Four-limbed vertebrate, Coelacanth, Lungfish)
          • Subclass Tetrapodomorpha (Four-limbed vertebrate) ⇒ Class Amphibia

            Lobe-finned fish

            Osteolepis   (400～380 Mya), Panderichthys   (383.7～376.1 Mya; Amphibia like), Tiktaalik   (383.7～376.1 Mya; Transition fossil), Ventastega   (385.3～374.5 Mya; Amphibia like), Eusthenopteron   (385.3～374.5 Mya)

          • Subclass Coelacnathimorpha (Coelacanth)

            Coelacanth

            Comorese coelacanth   (410 Mya～; Great Dying②③④⑤), Rhabdoderma   (362～290 Mya; Great Dying②)

          • Subclass Dipnoi (Lungfish)

            Lungfish

            Dipnorhynchus   (409.1～391.9 Mya), Queensland lungfish   (100 Mya～; Great Dying⑤), (Lepidosiren paradoxa) (70.6 Mya～; Great Dying⑤), African lungfish' (99.6 Mya～; Great Dying⑤)

        • Class Actinopterygii (Most living fishes)

          Ray-finned fish

          Cheirolepis   (380.8～367 Mya), Saurichthys   (258～164.7 Mya; Great Dying④), Leedsichthys   (165～155 Mya; ２８m)

        • Class Amphibia

          Primitive amphibia

          Elginerpeton   (385.3～374.5 Mya; Primitive tetrapoda), Ichthyostega   (374～359 Mya), Acanthostega   (365 Mya), Tulerpeton   (365 Mya), Pederpes   (353.8～349.5 Mya; Missing-link), Eucritta (345.3～328.3 Mya), Westlothiana   (336～332.9 Mya; Primitive amniotes), Archegosaurus (297.5～258 Mya)

          • Superorder Reptiliomorpha (Reptile-like amphibia) ⇒ Class Reptile

            Primitive amniota

            Westlothiana   (336～332.9 Mya; Primitive amniotes), Casineria   (339.4～336 Mya; Primitive amniotes)

        • Class Synapsida (Mammal-like reptiles)

          Mammal-like reptile

          Archaeothyris   (307.1～305 Mya; Earliest mammal-like reptile), Biarmosuchus   (255 Mya)

          • Division Mammaliaformes (Mammal-shaped) ⇒ Class Mammalia

            Primitive mammal

            Adelobasileus   (228～216.5 Mya; Earliest mammals), Morganucodon   (203.6～189.6 Mya; Great Dying④), Megazostrodon   (199.6～189.6 Mya; Earliest mammals)

        • Class Sauropsida (Non mammal-like reptiles)
          • Subclass Anapsida (No arch near the temples)

            Primitive reptile

            Hylonomus   (318.1～313.4 Mya; Earlist reptiles), Mesosaurus   (284～279.5 Mya; Earlist reptiles)

          • Subclass Diapsida (Two arches near the temples)
            • Infraclass Archosauromorpha (Crocodiles, Pterosaurs, Dinosaurs)
              • Clade Crurotarsi (Crocodiles and the relatives)
                • Order Crocodyliformes (Crocodile's relative)

                  Primitive crocodile

                  Gracilisuchus   (237～228 Mya; Ancestors of crocodiles), Protosuchus   (199.6～196.5 Mya; First crocodile), Sarcosuchus   (145.5～93.5 Mya; １２m)

              • Clade Ornithodira (Pterosaurs, Dinosaurs)
                • Order Ornithischia (Herbivorous dinosaurs)

                  Primitive dino

                  Eoraptor   (228～216.5 Mya), Pisanosaurus   (216.5～203.6 Mya; Primtive dino), Lesothosaurus   (199.6～189.6 Mya)

                • Order Saurischia (Dinosaurs) ⇒ Class Aves

                  		Primitive bird	Protoavis   (210 Mya), Epidendrosaurus   (167.7～150.8 Mya), Archaeopteryx   (150.8～145.5 Mya; Transition fossil)
                  		Bird's relative dino	Sinornithosaurus   (125～112 Mya), Microraptor   (125～112 Mya), Unenlagia   (89.3～85.8 Mya), Velociraptor   (85.8～70.6 Mya)

        • Class Aves
          • Subclass Archaeornithes (Most primitive birds)

            Primitive bird

            Changchengornis (145.5～125 Mya), Eoconfuciusornis (136.4～125 Mya), Confuciusornis   (125～112 Mya)

        • Class Mammalia
          • Subclass Prototheria (First wild animal)

            Monotreme

            Steropodon (112～99.6 Mya), Platypus   (5.33 Mya～)

          • Subclass Theria (Wild animal)
            • Infraclass Metatheria (Marsupials)

              Primitive marsupial

              Sinodelphys   (130～125 Mya), Yalkaparidon (23～16 Mya)

            • Infraclass Eutheria (Placentals; all mammals included except for the above)

              Primitive mammal

              Eomaia   (130～125 Mya), Cimolestes   (83.5～63.3 Mya), Leptictidium   (48.6～40.4 Mya)

              • Clade Atlantogenata
                • Group I Afrotheria (Tenrec, Hyrax, Elephant, Sea-cow)
                • Group II Xenarthra (Armadillo, Anteater, Sloth, Groud sloth)
              • Clade Boreoeutheria
                • Group III Euarchontoglires (Primate, Rabbit, Rodent)
                • Group IV Laurasiatheria (Whale, Even-toed ungulate, Odd-toed ungulate, Bat, Carnivora)