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Sri Lanka - Animals in the Habitats and the Fossil sites, and Biodiversity
The following fossils from the geologic age to the prehistorical age are excavated in Sri Lanka. The explanation in brackets is the ages they lived in extinct species. Note that Mya is million years ago. For example, "48.6～40.4 Mya" shows a range between 48.6 and 40.4 million years ago. The time range is shown in the Geological Time Table. The followings are a part of the Evolutionary Tree.
Sri Lanka is an island country located in South Asia and tropical zone. It is close to the south of India in Indian Ocean. Sri Lanka is one of Biodiversity hotspots in the world. The following shows the distribution of animals in Sri Lanka.
| Sri Lanka | |
|
Sri Lanka
regionally extinct
in historic age |
 | Frog |
Adenomus kandianus (？～AD2004),
Nannophrys guentheri (？～AD2004),
Philautus adspersus (？～AD2004),
Philautus dimbullae (？～AD2004),
Philautus eximius (？～AD2004),
Philautus extirpo (？～AD2004),
Philautus halyi (？～AD2004),
Philautus hypomelas (？～AD2004),
Philautus leucorhinus (？～AD2004),
Philautus maia (？～AD2004),
Philautus malcolmsmithi (？～AD2004),
Philautus nanus (？～AD2004),
Philautus nasutus (？～AD2004),
Philautus oxyrhynchus (？～AD2004),
Philautus pardus (？～AD2004),
Philautus rugatus (？～AD2004),
Philautus stellatus (？～AD2004),
Philautus temporalis (？～AD2004),
Philautus variabilis (？～AD2004),
Philautus zal (？～AD2004),
Philautus zimmeri (？～AD2004) |  | Bird |
Comb Duck |
|
Sri Lanka
extant species |
 | Elephant |
Sri Lankan Elephant* |  | Primate |
Red Slender Loris,
Gray Slender Loris,
Toque Macaque,
Northern Plains Gray Langur,
Purple-faced Langur |  | Rabbit |
Indian Hare |  | Even-toed ungulate |
Wild Boar,
Sri Lankan Spotted Chevrotain,
Indian Muntjac,
Indian Sambar,
Chital deer,
Sambar Deer |  | Megabat |
Leschenault's Rousette,
Indian Flying-fox,
Lesser Short-nosed Fruit Bat,
Greater Short-nosed Fruit Bat |  | Pangolin |
Indian Pangolin |  | Carnivora |
Jungle Cat,
Rusty-spotted Cat (Spotted),
Fishing Cat (Spotted),
Leopard (Spotted),
Asian Palm Civet,
Golden Palm Civet,
Small Indian Civet (Spotted),
Indian Gray Mongoose,
Indian Brown Mongoose,
Ruddy Mongoose,
Stripe-necked Mongoose,
Golden Jackal,
Sloth Bear (Slow and gentle),
European otter |  | Crocodile |
Mugger Crocodile,
Saltwater Crocodile |  | Monitor |
Water Monitor,
Bengal monitor |  | Chameleon |
Indian Chameleon |  | Junglefowl |
Sri Lanka Junglefowl |  | Peafowl |
Indian Peafowl |  | Stork |
Painted Stork ,
Asian Openbill Stork,
Woolly-necked Stork,
Black-necked Stork,
Lesser Adjutant |  | Ibis |
Black-headed Ibis,
Common Spoonbill |  | Hornbill |
Ceylon Grey Hornbill,
Malabar Pied Hornbill |  | Flamingo |
American Flamingo |  | Pelican |
Spot-billed Pelican |  | Parrot |
Alexandrine Parakeet ,
Plum-headed Parakeet ,
Layard's Parakeet ,
Sri Lanka Hanging Parrot |  | Owl |
Serendib Scops-owl | | endemic bird |
Sri Lanka Spurfowl,
Sri Lanka Junglefowl ,
Sri Lanka Wood-pigeon,
Layard's Parakeet ,
Red-faced Malkoha ,
Green-billed Coucal,
Chestnut-backed Owlet,
Yellow-fronted Barbet,
Sri Lanka Blue Magpie ,
Sri Lanka Bush-warbler,
Yellow-eared Bulbul,
Sri Lanka White-eye,
Orange-billed Babbler,
Ashy-headed Laughingthrush,
Brown-capped Babbler … total 20 endemic species | | bird (CR) |
Spoon-billed Sandpiper,
Sociable Lapwing | | bird (EN) |
Sri Lanka Whistling-thrush |  | Tree |
Talipot palm (２５m) |
|
Sri Lanka
marine extant
species |
 | Turtle |
Loggerhead Sea Turtle,
Green turtle,
Hawksbill turtle,
Olive Ridley,
Leatherback turtle |  | Frigatebird |
Christmas Island Frigatebird |  | Ray |
Knifetooth sawfish,
Largetooth sawfish,
Longcomb sawfish |  | Shark |
Great hammerhead,
Great white shark,
Shortfin mako |  | Marlin |
Black Marlin |  | Mangrove |
White mangrove',
Red mangrove',
Black mangrove' |
|
Sri Lanka
small extant
species |
 | Mouse (EN) |
Nolthenius's Long-tailed Climbing Mouse,
Ceylon Spiny Mouse,
Nillu Rat |  | Mole (EN) |
Sri Lankan Long-tailed Shrew,
Kelaart's Long-clawed Shrew,
Pearson's Long-clawed Shrew,
Jungle Shrew,
Sri Lankan Shrew |  | Lizard (CR) |
(Cophotis dumbara) | | Lizard (EN) |
Spineless Forest Lizard,
Leaf-nosed Lizard | | Frog (CR) |
(Adenomus dasi),
(Microhyla karunaratnei),
(Nannophrys marmorata),
(Philautus lunatus),
(Philautus macropus),
(Philautus nemus),
(Philautus papillosus),
(Philautus procax),
(Philautus simba),
(Polypedates fastigo) | | Frog (EN) |
Kelaart's Toad,
Kotagama's Dwarf Toad,
(Duttaphrynus noellerti),
(Microhyla zeylanica),
(Ramanella palmata),
(Fejervarya greenii),
(Nannophrys naeyakai),
(Philautus alto),
(Philautus asankai),
(Philautus cuspis),
(Philautus decoris),
(Philautus femoralis),
(Philautus frankenbergi),
(Philautus fulvus),
(Philautus folicola),
(Philautus hoffmanni),
(Philautus microtympanum),
(Philautus mittermeieri),
(Philautus mooreorum),
(Philautus ocularis),
(Philautus pleurotaenia),
(Philautus poppiae),
(Philautus reticulatus),
(Philautus sarasinorum),
(Philautus schmarda),
(Philautus silus),
(Philautus silvaticus),
(Philautus steineri),
(Philautus stuarti),
(Philautus viridis),
(Philautus zorro),
(Polypedates eques),
(Polypedates longinasus) |  | Swallowtail
butterfly |
Common Rose ,
Crimson Rose ,
Sri Lankan Rose ,
Common Bluebottle ,
Tailed Jay ,
Common Jay ,
Ceylon Rose ,
Common Banded Peacock ,
Common Lime ,
Blue Mormon … total 11 species |
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