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Malaysia - Animals in the Habitats and the Fossil sites, and Biodiversity
The following fossils from the geologic age to the prehistorical age are excavated in Malaysia. The explanation in brackets is the ages they lived in extinct species. Note that Mya is million years ago. For example, "48.6～40.4 Mya" shows a range between 48.6 and 40.4 million years ago. The time range is shown in the Geological Time Table. The followings are a part of the Evolutionary Tree.
Malaysia is a country located in the Indochinese Peninsula and the Borneo island of Southeast Asia and tropical zone. It is bordered by Malaysia in the peninsula and by Indonesia and Burunei in the island, and by the South China Sea. Malaysia is one of Biodiversity hotspots in the world. The following shows the distribution of animals in Malaysia.
| Malaysia | |
|
Malaysia
regionally extinct
in historic age |
 | Odd-toed ungulate |
Javan Rhinoceros |  | Crane |
Sarus Crane |  | Bird |
Double-banded Argus (？～AD1855) |
|
Malaysia
extant species |
 | Colugo |
Sunda Flying Lemur |  | Primate |
Southern Pig-tailed Macaque,
Crab-eating Macaque |  | Rodent |
Malayan Porcupine |  | Squirrel |
Pale Giant Squirrel,
Black Flying Squirrel,
Red-cheeked Flying Squirrel,
Javanese Flying Squirrel,
Red Giant Flying Squirrel,
Whiskered Flying Squirrel,
Temminck's Flying Squirrel,
Vordermann's Flying Squirrel,
Smoky Flying Squirrel,
Plantain squirrel … total 15 species |  | Hedgehog |
Greater Moonrat,
Short-tailed Gymnure |  | Even-toed ungulate |
Bearded Pig,
Greater Mouse-deer,
Indian Muntjac,
Indian Sambar |  | Megabat |
Long-tongued Nectar Bat,
Cave Nectar Bat,
Geoffroy's Rousette,
Large Flying Fox,
Lesser Short-nosed Fruit Bat,
Horsfield’s Fruit Bat,
Greater Short-nosed Fruit Bat,
Tailess fruit bat,
White-collared fruit bat,
Dayak Fruit Bat … total 14 species | | Odd-toed ungulate |
Sumatran Rhinoceros |  | Pangolin |
Sunda Pangolin |  | Carnivora |
Leopard Cat (Spotted),
Marbled Cat (Spotted),
Masked Palm Civet,
Asian Palm Civet,
Otter Civet,
Banded Palm Civet (Stripe),
Banded Linsang (Stripe),
Malayan Civet (Spotted),
Short-tailed Mongoose,
Sun Bear,
Oriental Small-clawed Otter,
Yellow-throated Marten,
Malayan weasel |  | Crocodile |
Saltwater Crocodile ,
Siamese Crocodile |  | Snake |
Reticulated python Largest snakes |  | Pheasant |
Crestless Fireback Pheasant ,
Crested Fireback Pheasant ,
Bulwer's Wattled Pheasant | | Great Argus |
Great Argus Pheasant |  | Stork |
Painted Stork ,
Milky Stork,
Asian Openbill Stork,
Woolly-necked Stork,
Storm's Stork,
Black-necked Stork,
Lesser Adjutant |  | Ibis |
Black-headed Ibis,
White-shouldered Ibis,
Glossy Ibis,
Common Spoonbill |  | Hornbill |
Oriental Pied Hornbill ,
Black Hornbill ,
Rhinoceros Hornbill ,
Great Hornbill ,
Helmeted Hornbill ,
Bushy-crested Hornbill ,
White-crowned Hornbill ,
Wrinkled Hornbill ,
Wreathed Hornbill ,
Plain-pouched Hornbill |  | Pelican |
White Pelican,
Spot-billed Pelican |  | Parrot |
Blue-rumped Parrot ,
Blue-naped Parrot ,
Rose-ringed Parakeet ,
Red-breasted Parakeet ,
Long-tailed Parakeet ,
Vernal Hanging Parrot ,
Blue-crowned Hanging Parrot | | endemic bird |
Malaysian Partridge,
Mountain Peacock Pheasant ,
Bornean Stubtail,
Friendly Bush-warbler,
Pygmy White-eye,
Mountain Blackeye,
Mountain Wren-babbler,
Eyebrowed Jungle-flycatcher,
Malayan Whistling-thrush,
Everett's Thrush,
Fruit-hunter | | bird (CR) |
Spoon-billed Sandpiper,
Red-headed Vulture,
Silvery Pigeon | | bird (EN) |
Spotted Greenshank |
|
Malaysia
extant species
Malay Peninsula |
 | Elephant |
Indian Elephant* | | Treeshrew |
Common Treeshrew,
Northern Treeshrew,
Pygmy Treeshrew | | Primate |
Sunda Loris ,
Stump-tailed Macaque,
Northern Pig-tailed Macaque,
Dusky Leaf Monkey,
Banded Surili,
White-handed Gibbon,
Agile Gibbon,
Siamang | | Rodent |
Asiatic Brush-tailed Porcupine | | Squirrel |
Black Giant Squirrel,
Selangor Pygmy Flying Squirrel,
Spotted Giant Flying Squirrel,
Gray-bellied squirrel,
Pallas's squirrel,
Black-striped squirrel,
Asian Red-cheeked Squirrel,
Three-striped Ground Squirrel,
Himalayan Striped Squirrel | | Even-toed ungulate |
Wild Boar,
Java Mouse-deer (Smallest deer),
Banteng,
Gayal,
Mainland serow | | Megabat |
Long-tongued Fruit Bat,
Leschenault's Rousette | | Odd-toed ungulate |
Malayan Tapir | | Carnivora |
Fishing Cat (Spotted),
Asian Golden Cat,
Clouded Leopard (Spotted),
Leopard (Spotted),
Tiger (Stripe),
Binturong,
Small-toothed Palm Civet,
Large Indian Civet (Spotted),
Large-spotted Civet (Spotted),
Small Indian Civet (Spotted),
Small Asian Mongoose,
Crab-eating Mongoose,
Dhole,
Asiatic Black Bear,
Hairy-nosed otter,
Smooth-coated Otter,
Hog Badger,
Burmese Ferret-badger |  | Monitor |
Water Monitor |  | Junglefowl |
Red Junglefowl |  | Peafowl |
Mountain Peacock Pheasant ,
Malaysian Peacock Pheasant ,
Green Peafowl | | Crested Argus |
Crested Argus |  | Flower |
Rafflesia,
Rafflesia,
Rafflesia |
|
Malaysia
extant species
Borneo Island |
| Elephant |
Borneo Elephant* | | Treeshrew |
Bornean Smooth-tailed Treeshrew,
Striped Treeshrew,
Slender Treeshrew,
Mountain Treeshrew,
Painted Treeshrew,
Large Treeshrew,
Long-footed Treeshrew,
Pygmy Treeshrew,
Pen-tailed Treeshrew | | Primate |
Western Tarsier,
Silvered Leaf Monkey,
Sarawak Surili,
White-fronted Surili,
Hose's Langur,
Maroon Leaf Monkey,
Proboscis Monkey (Long-nosed monkey),
Müller's Bornean Gibbon | | Rodent |
Thick-spined Porcupine,
Long-tailed Porcupine | | Squirrel |
Tufted Ground Squirrel,
Thomas's Flying Squirrel,
Gray-cheeked Flying Squirrel,
Lesser Pygmy Flying Squirrel,
Hose's Pygmy Flying Squirrel,
Spotted Giant Flying Squirrel,
Ear-spot squirrel,
Kinabalu squirrel,
Borneo black-banded squirrel,
Bornean Mountain Ground Squirrel … total 18 species | | Even-toed ungulate |
Bornean Yellow Muntjac,
Banteng | | Megabat |
Greater Nectar Bat,
Bare-backed Rousette,
Minute Fruit Bat | | Odd-toed ungulate |
Sumatran Rhinoceros | | Carnivora |
Flat-headed Cat (Spotted),
Bay Cat,
Binturong,
Small-toothed Palm Civet,
Hose's Palm Civet,
Collared Mongoose,
Indonesian Stink Badger,
Hairy-nosed otter,
Bornean Ferret-badger | | Monitor |
Earless monitor lizard | | Peafowl |
Bornean Peacock Pheasant | | Flower |
Rafflesia ,
Rafflesia,
Rafflesia,
Rafflesia,
Rafflesia |
|
Malaysia
marine extant
species |
 | Sea-cow |
Dugong |  | Whale |
Blue Whale (３３m),
Common Minke Whale,
Sei Whale,
Eden's Whale,
Humpback Whale,
Finless Porpoise,
Dwarf Sperm Whale,
Pygmy Sperm Whale,
Blainville's Beaked Whale |  | Dolphin |
Rough-toothed Dolphin,
Pacific Humpback Dolphin,
Bottlenose Dolphin,
Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphin,
Pantropical Spotted Dolphin,
Spinner Dolphin,
Fraser's Dolphin,
Risso's Dolphin,
Melon-headed Whale,
Orca,
Irrawaddy Dolphin |  | Turtle |
Green turtle,
Hawksbill turtle,
Olive Ridley,
Leatherback turtle |  | Frigatebird |
Great Frigatebird,
Lesser Frigatebird,
Christmas Island Frigatebird |  | Ray |
Manta ray,
Knifetooth sawfish,
Largetooth sawfish,
Longcomb sawfish |  | Shark |
Whale shark (１２m),
Great hammerhead,
Shortfin mako |  | Horseshoe
crab |
Mangrove horseshoe crab ,
Costal horseshoe crab ,
Japanese horseshoe crab |  | Coral |
Table coral',
Brain corals' |  | Mangrove |
White mangrove',
Red mangrove',
Black mangrove' |
|
Malaysia
small extant
species |
 | Mouse (EN) |
Marmoset Rat |  | Mole (EN) |
Bornean Water Shrew | | Turtle (CR) |
Giant river turtle,
Painted Batagur | | Turtle (EN) |
Yellow headed temple turtle,
Spiny turtle,
Bornean River Turtle,
Elongated Tortoise,
Asian Forest Tortoise,
Cantor's Giant Soft Shelled Turtle |  | Frog (CR) |
(Leptobrachella palmata) | | Frog (EN) |
(Ansonia anotis),
Stream Toad,
Sambas Stream Toad,
Luidan Stream Toad,
(Ingerophrynus kumqua),
(Pelophryne api),
(Kalophrynus palmatissimus),
(Limnonectes nitidus),
(Philautus aurantium),
(Philautus auratus),
(Philautus caeruleus),
(Philautus cavirostris),
(Philautus disgregus),
(Philautus kerangae),
(Rhacophorus angulirostris) |  | Swallowtail
butterfly |
Malayan Batwing ,
Priapus Batwing ,
Common Batwing ,
Common Rose ,
Tailed Jay ,
Common Jay ,
(Graphium procles) ,
Acheron Swallowtail ,
Peacock or Green Swallotail ,
Common Lime … total 21 species |
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