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Eritrea - Animals in the Habitats and the Fossil sites, and Biodiversity
The following fossils from the geologic age to the prehistorical age are excavated in Eritrea. The explanation in brackets is the ages they lived in extinct species. Note that Mya is million years ago. For example, "48.6～40.4 Mya" shows a range between 48.6 and 40.4 million years ago. The time range is shown in the Geological Time Table. The followings are a part of the Evolutionary Tree.
Eritrea is a country located in the east of Africa and the tropical zone. It is bordered by Sudan, Ethiopia and Djibouti, and by the Red Sea to the east. The following shows the distribution of animals in Eritrea.
| Eritrea | |
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Eritrea
regionally extinct
in historic age |
 | Even-toed ungulate |
Giraffe (５m) |  | Odd-toed ungulate |
White Rhinoceros |  | Carnivora |
Cheetah ,
Lion (２．５m) |
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Eritrea
extant species |
 | Aardvark |
Aardvark (Living fossil) |  | Hyrax |
Rock Hyrax ,
Yellow-spotted Rock Hyrax |  | Elephant |
African elephant (７．３m) |  | Primate |
Senegal Bushbaby ,
Vervet Monkeys' ,
Hamadryas Baboon ,
Olive Baboon ,
Gelada ,
Mantled Guereza |  | Rodent |
Crested Porcupine ,
Striped Ground Squirrel ,
Unstriped Ground Squirrel ,
Gambian Sun Squirrel |  | Rabbit |
Cape Hare |  | Hedgehog |
Desert Hedgehog | | Even-toed ungulate |
Desert Warthog ,
Common Warthog ,
Greater Kudu ,
Gemsbok ,
Dorcas Gazelle ,
Red-fronted Gazelle ,
Soemmerring's Gazelle ,
Salt's Dik-dik ,
Klipspringer ,
Oribi ,
Hartebeest |  | Megabat |
Egyptian Rousette ,
Ethiopian Epauletted Fruit Bat | | Odd-toed ungulate |
African Wild Ass ,
Grevy's Zebra (Stripe) | | Carnivora |
Wild Cat (Spotted),
Serval (Spotted),
Caracal (Tufted large ear),
Leopard (Spotted),
Striped Hyena ,
Spotted Hyena ,
Aardwolf ,
Golden Jackal ,
Black-backed Jackal ,
African Wild Dog ,
Pale Fox ,
African Clawless Otter ,
Spotted-necked Otter ,
Striped Polecat (Foul-smelling secretions),
Honey Badger |  | Crocodile |
Nile Crocodile |  | Ostrich |
Ostrich (２．７５m) |  | Goose |
Egyptian Goose ,
Blue-winged Goose |  | Guineafowl |
Helmeted Guineafowl |  | Stork |
Yellow-billed Stork ,
African Openbill Stork ,
Abdim's Stork ,
Woolly-necked Stork ,
White Stork ,
Black Stork ,
Saddle-billed Stork ,
Marabou Stork |  | Ibis |
Sacred Ibis ,
Northern Bald Ibis ,
Hadada Ibis ,
Wattled Ibis ,
Glossy Ibis ,
Common Spoonbill ,
African Spoonbill |  | Hornbill |
White-crested Hornbill ,
Black Dwarf Hornbill ,
Red-billed Dwarf Hornbill ,
Red-billed Hornbill ,
Crowned Hornbill ,
African Pied Hornbill ,
African Grey Hornbill ,
Piping Hornbill ,
Black-and-white-casqued Hornbill ,
Brown-cheeked Hornbill ,
Black-casqued Hornbill |  | Turaco |
White-cheeked Turaco ,
Eastern Grey Plantain-eater |  | Crane |
Black Crowned Crane ,
Common Crane ,
Wattled Crane |  | Flamingo |
Lesser Flamingo ,
American Flamingo |  | Parrot |
Meyer's Parrot ,
Rose-ringed Parakeet ,
Abyssinian Lovebird |  | endemic bird |
Abyssinian Lovebird ,
Abyssinian Catbird ,
Rueppell's Chat | | bird (CR) |
Sociable Lapwing |  | tree |
African Baobab |
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Eritrea
marine extant
species |
 | Sea-cow |
Dugong |  | Turtle |
Loggerhead Sea Turtle ,
Green turtle ,
Hawksbill turtle ,
Olive Ridley ,
Leatherback turtle |  | Pelican |
White Pelican ,
Pink-backed Pelican |  | Shark |
Whale shark (１２m),
Scalloped hammerhead ,
Great hammerhead ,
Shortfin mako |
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